Posts tagged: tech

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There is zero doubt that ZipCar was at the leading edge of fractional ownership in the way it defined the model for consuming automobiles by shifting the burden of owning and maintaining the asset from the end user to a service provider while getting rid of the relative inflexibility of traditional car rental. Started in 2000, the company was also way ahead of anyone but Apple in terms of delivering delightful customer experiences. Anyone who has ever used its iPhone app to unlock a car has definitely felt like they were experiencing a little piece of the future, and conversely, anyone who’s thought of ZipCar as just another rental car company has just never tried it. Finally, as a local Boston company, I can attest first hand to the mission-oriented terrific attitude of all of the great folks that made what was a really logistically complex machine “just work.”

Having said that, there is a cautionary tale in this Wall Street Journal hatchet job on the company’s exit for every entrepreneur that has fallen back on “business model innovation” line as the special sauce behind why they were going to take over the world. The piece does a nice job covering the fact that the company’s asset intensive model failed to deliver much in the way of profits (or perhaps more importantly as Jeff Bezos would insist, free cash flow). Additionally though Crunchbase tells us the company raised only $60 million in venture money, it had a fairly dilutive merger with Steve Case’s Flex Car early on so the effective capital raise may be closer to double that before the $174M it raised when it went public. Put another way, despite having built something loved by their users that was truly unique, the company may have gone through as much of $300M of cash to generate what will ultimately be $500M in terminal value.

For sure there are some business models that end up being the envy of the rest of the world and don’t require the massive technological advantage that Google’s cash machine did— but other than liquid marketplaces where the network effects quickly lock out competitors and maintain margins astronomically high (eBay being the greatest example ever), I am hard pressed to come up with them.

For the rest of us, it turns out that building a non-tech, asset intensive business without apparent barriers from larger incumbent competitors with better structural advantages and meh core businesses will often get you paid like an asset intensive, non-tech business with larger incumbent competitors with better structural advantages and meh core businesses— even after you’ve irrefutably changed the world for the better.

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And I do mean all of the morons stuck in the tech filter bubble. go and watch the Google Zeitgeist video. It's advertorial for sure but a great 2.5 minute reminder of just how much happened in the world at large.

My favorite: going from Baumgartner's 24 mile jump to a flash of a Minecraft character. Like the covers on an Oreo cookie, neither event is world-rocking but both matter a lot and between them is a lot of rich stuff.

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I like this type of post because it is great to look back and see how close to a coin toss the following can end up being, so without further ado, here goes:

The easy stuff

2013 is going to continue seeing the rise of the post PC platform with both tablets and smartphones outselling PCs. I don’t think that tablets will fully kill laptops but I do think we are going to see two big invariants in the future of a lot of laptops by the end of the year, both borrowed from its younger cousin the tablet: touch all the time and ARM at the core; the former you can observe from anyone who has both a laptop and a tablet and suffers from the smudged screen syndrome where they forget they can’t touch the interface element, and the latter is simply a function of ARM’s superior power/performance and the meager linear power improvements battery technology struggles to give us. As these two things happen, the lines will blur and laptop-tablets that don’t suck will begin to refine the general purpose tablet/laptop form factor. Not unlike the Surface but without the Microsoft strategy tax, legacy bloated software, and lower price points (note the big punt on this prediction is that I’m not sure how much more powerful than iOS the software will have to be but am almost sure it will be even if along simple to see features such as multi-tasking and multiple windows).

Apple is going to continue ruling the roost when it comes to the relevant new form factors, probably a little less in the phone space where carriers will do whatever it takes to balance their installed bases across iOS and Android, but they will absolutely crush it with the iPad mini (I am betting on a blowout Christmas quarter) and seal the ecosystem lock they have on the home with a Pandora killer and some sort of TV thing this year. This domination of the consumer wallet will force Amazon to keep dropping the price of the Kindle family of devices and as such I suspect 2013 will bring us two free (subsidized) Kindles: a cheaper cousin to the Paperwhite and a smartphone.

Google, on the other hand, has found its groove with a return to software, chipping away at the iOS advantage from the inside out. On iOS, one could credibly argue that the Goole search app beats Siri, Google Maps crushes Apple Maps, and Gmail is far more productive than Mail.app. Of course this assumes you use Google services, but guess what? Apple’s services stink and a little hardware/software/services diversification is a good thing. Hopefully the recent success that Google has had here will convince them to quit messing around with hardware efforts and focus on what they excel at. And while we’re at it, they should be sent the memo that netbooks are dead and they should thus kill the Chromebook.

The less obvious

While a couple of years ago, it was a geek fantasy that HTML5 and the mobile web might provide a viable enough platform to build on, I think it’s now more likely than not that we’ll begin to see startups that build their V1 with these open technologies. It won’t work for all apps (native device access to sensors and actuators being what it is), but it already works for enough of them and there are encouraging signs in recent iOS 6 support for APIs like File upload, Web Audio, better storage limits, and generally faster CPUs/Javascript engines. When combined with the nightmare that distribution has become for most publishers in the respective app stores, continued Android fragmentation, improved wireless bandwidth through LTE, and consumers coming to their senses on just how crappy it is to manage client software (how many people like: “72 apps to update?” followed by your being unable to access Evernote for hours), we might just be at the point where we see the first native 10M+ HTML5 user property emerge this year.

Two other quick points on this prediction: the much (mis)quoted Facebook statement about how HTML5 cost them years in mobile was quite simply a MacGuffin meant to distract us from the fact that the company had been asleep at the switch. It was great to see this then proven by the nice folks at Sencha (who no doubt have a dog in the race).

The second point relates to the mantra that “2012 was about getting on the home screen and we’ll figure out the rest [enagement/monetization] later” which I’ve heard repeated several times over the last 12 months: I think that publishers are about to discover that Springboard positioning beyond the first page is about as valuable as the email address you bought 10 years ago for 20 cents from that shady email marketing firm with the address in the Bangkok. And as such, I wonder whether CPI (cost per install) won’t collapse this year, taking with it most of the “pure play mobile advertising revenue.” If it does, this will be a good thing as it will force the mobile advertising folks to look for higher ground when it comes to delivering real value to advertisers.

The speculative stuff

I was disappointed not to see more native content creation experiences for the tablet platform emerge in 2012. The main exception is the category represented by Apple’s App of the Year: Paper— a really terrific painting/drawing app in a category full of really well implemented apps. Sadly though this category predates this generation of tablets and goes back all the way to those wonky Wacom things you could plug in as peripherals. By native content app I mean something that a) isn’t done more easily on a PC and b) ideally targets its output to tablets themselves. Compiler authors have a term, “self hosting,” when a target platform is able to compile its own compiler and this is exactly what we’re still missing.

Late in the year we did get some interesting candidates in new categories though: there is the always forward leaning Horace Dedieu with his Perspective presentation app which is a very interesting experiment in self-hosted Powerpoint, a programming app called Pythonista which is a brilliant marriage of the Python programming language and just enough iOS primitives, and Betaworks’s story-telling tool Tapestry which is also experimenting with the design principle of software above the level of a single device. None of these is fully baked, but each points in interesting directions for native creation experiences and I’m hoping 2013 brings us 100 more such experiments and 10 that really start to click.

I’ve consciously left out a few big themes which I’ll hopefully get to in the coming month: social networking, spot labor markets, the death of the server in the face of the service fabric of APIs, and machine vision as the big four that I suspect will also be fun areas to make predictions about as they relate to this shift.

In the meanwhile, back to your regularly scheduled platform shift...

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The Stacks, they are a pain. If you've never heard the term, it is in reference to the walled gardens controlled by Apple, Amazon, Google, Facebook, and Microsoft. Credit goes to sci-fi author/futurist Bruce Sterling who used it in his closing SXSW keynote this year. Here it is from the horse's mouth:

"[There's] a new phenomena that I like to call the Stacks [vertically integrated social media]. And we've got five of them -- Google, Facebook, Amazon, Apple and Microsoft. The future of the stacks is basically to take over the Internet and render it irrelevant. They're not hostile to the Internet -- they're just [looking after] their own situation. And they all think they'll be the one Stack... and render the others irrelevant.

While I whole heartedly agree with his characterization of the Stacks's intent, I am not sure they are all equally bad or competent at locking everyone else out. Witness the greatest offender: Apple. For me iTunes is so broken these days that its core functionality has been completely unbundled by better alternatives. I get my music from Spotify or Pandora. I listen to podcasts via iCatcher. In both cases the network has enabled a different kind of design center which allows third parties to beat the native apps on the Stack.

In some cases you truly are stuck on the Stack. I use iCloud (which is in most ways terrible) because it backs up my iDevices in a way nothing else can. I also use iCloud to sync my bookmarks and photos. I could use Chrome and rely on Google's Stack to sync my bookmarks but I don't because it is not "better enough" than what is native to the Stack (Safari). However I'd gladly use something to sync my photos if— like iPhoto— it could sync natively the photos taken from all of my devices.

In case it is not clear, I love the concept of the Stacks. I just think we ought to get a lot more granular about the places in the different Stacks that are still viable attack surfaces for the creativity of third parties. These may change quickly as the Stacks grow and extend into popular use cases but one thing that can't be denied is that the folks that exploit the openings (Dropbox, Evernote, Instapaper as examples) create tons of value along the way.

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Over the holidays, I wrote myself a link shortener to take advantage of the fact that I've been paying for a vanity domain (an.ton.io) and to refresh my memory of HTTP redirect etiquette and the Googlebot. Watching the stats over the last month, I've been amazed at what I had erroneously perceived as amazing Twitter juice as I would easily get 1-3K clicks on any link I shared with was even mildly interesting. This morning though, I became suspicious when within 1 minute of an un-Godly early morning moment, I had received over 200 distinct clicks on my Twitter link.

A quick sampling of this first minute shed some light on just who listens that early in the morning:

dateipuseragent
2012-02-14 06:33:10184.106.83.185EventMachine HttpClient
2012-02-14 06:33:1050.56.19.192EventMachine HttpClient
2012-02-14 06:33:1150.19.36.2Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727) yolinkBot
2012-02-14 06:33:1150.57.137.74EventMachine HttpClient
2012-02-14 06:33:1166.228.54.132InAGist URL Resolver (http://inagist.com)
2012-02-14 06:33:11184.72.46.156RockMeltEmbedService
2012-02-14 06:33:11173.192.79.101NING/1.0
2012-02-14 06:33:1189.151.116.53Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; TweetmemeBot/2.11; +http://tweetmeme.com/)
2012-02-14 06:33:1150.18.23.200JS-Kit URL Resolver, http://js-kit.com/
2012-02-14 06:33:1146.20.47.43Mozilla/5.0 (compatible
2012-02-14 06:33:1169.63.180.247Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; FriendFeedBot/0.1; +Http://friendfeed.com/about/bot)
2012-02-14 06:33:1150.18.121.54UnwindFetchor/1.0 (+http://www.gnip.com/)
2012-02-14 06:33:12199.59.149.165Twitterbot/1.0
2012-02-14 06:33:12184.72.47.46UnwindFetchor/1.0 (+http://www.gnip.com/)
2012-02-14 06:33:13212.238.124.233Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US; rv:1.9.2.3) Gecko/20100405 Namoroka/3.6.3
2012-02-14 06:33:1565.52.0.205Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0)
2012-02-14 06:33:1750.17.86.151Summify (Summify/1.0.1; +http://summify.com)
2012-02-14 06:33:1894.212.250.64PycURL/7.21.6
2012-02-14 06:33:2172.55.158.72Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.9.2) Gecko/20100115 Firefox/3.6 (.NET CLR 3.5.30729)
2012-02-14 06:33:2250.17.85.42Java/1.6.0_07
2012-02-14 06:33:34216.52.242.14LinkedInBot/1.0 (compatible; Mozilla/5.0; Jakarta Commons-HttpClient/3.1 +http://www.linkedin.com)
2012-02-14 06:33:42174.37.79.60Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; ScribdReader/1.0; +http://www.float.com)
2012-02-14 06:33:4350.19.205.250Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; U; Intel Mac OS X 10.6; en-US; rv:1.9.2) Gecko/20100115 Firefox/3.6 (FlipboardProxy/1.1; +http://flipboard.com/browserproxy)
2012-02-14 06:34:0064.12.237.20Jakarta Commons-HttpClient/3.1

What is most fascinating about this is the sheer number of bots (software programs written by humans) wired into my feed (you can tell that these are what are visiting by the "useragent" column which usually identifies one of the main browsers but here identifies hand-written scripts). I expect that a couple of these are from Twitter itself and perhaps a handful of blessed partners (LinkedIn for instance) with access to the firehose, but for the most part, the bot melee must be comprised of software agents that have been written to at some point explicitly follow my account.

Given the sheer number of bots now authoring tweets, I wonder how long Twitter would continue to function bot-to-bot if every human being on the planet stopped tweeting instantly with software agents posting links that other software agents would dereference and then reply to. In Battlestar Galactica the Cylons were big toaster-like robots but maybe our artificial overlords will show up in a much more subtle way. Let's just hope if that is the case that they end up being less self-promotional than their human progenitors when it comes to Twitter!

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